After the arrival of hundreds of thousands refugees in the past two years, Europe is now faced with the task to integrate those refugee immigrants with a legal title to stay.
In main entry countries (Greece, Italy) and major host countries (Germany, Austria, France) there are a number of different educational offers in place which aim at easing immigrants’ pathways to integration into the labour market and society in large: vocational qualification assessment programmes, language courses, European value and integration courses, general labour market qualification, orientation and insertion programmes, informal counselling and support centres, refugee volunteering schemes. They all aim at increasing the competence of refugee immigrants to integrate into the European host societies. But there is no common, precise and operationalized definition of this “integration competence”. Not are the effectiveness of the integration programmes measured or their impact on the individual integration competence assessed.